Which of the following are signs of concussions?

• A. Dizziness
• B. Headache
• C. Memory problems
• D. All of the above

Answer: (D)

Concussions often present with a mix of physical and cognitive signs, reflecting disruption to brain function. Dizziness signals balance and sensory processing can be affected; a headache is a common, direct symptom of brain strain; memory problems indicate cognitive disruption, such as difficulty recalling events around the incident. Because each of these is a recognized sign, seeing any one of them is a warning that a concussion may have occurred, and having all three together strengthens that likelihood. In practice, athletes who display dizziness, report headaches, or have memory issues should be removed from play and evaluated by a medical professional, since some signs can appear immediately while others may show up after a short delay. Safe return to play requires medical clearance and adherence to proper return-to-play protocols.